A 3D printer for producing ultra-fine bundles of threads for the next generation of artificial skin has been developed. The image is sourced from the University of Oregon.
A collaborative team of scientists from the United States and France has leveraged new 3D printing technology to create a multi-layered artificial skin that can grow in just 18 days. This synthetic skin can be used to enhance the efficiency of skincare product testing and foster better skin treatment methods. The relevant research has been published in the latest issue of the journal "Advanced Functional Materials."
Manufacturing artificial skin is not as simple as cultivating cells in a petri dish. Real skin has many layers, with different cells performing various functions. The extracellular matrix composed of proteins and other molecules provides support to cells, helping them stay in place and communicate with their "neighbors," which is crucial for the system to function properly.
To replicate this complex environment, researchers have designed a multi-layered artificial skin separated by membranes. They first developed plastic scaffolds, simulating the extracellular matrix with finely structured 3D-printed networks of threads. Then, they cultured cells within these scaffolds to create the multi-layered artificial skin. The separating membranes prevent cells from different layers from mingling during the development process.
The research team notes that the new skin resembles real skin, unlike other artificial skins lacking such depth. The new skin model grows in just 18 days, compared to previous models that required 21 to 35 days, making the new product more commercially viable.
To create the porous scaffolds, the team employed melt electrospinning 3D printing technology. An electric field is used to melt the printing plastic, which is then sprayed from the nozzle and drawn into fine threads, with precise control over the entire printing process.
The materials used in the scaffolds have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in the human body. The research team plans to further explore other potential uses of the underlying scaffolds, including treating diabetic foot ulcers, creating skin grafts for burn patients, and manufacturing artificial blood vessels and structures to aid in nerve regeneration.
