Japan officially began discharging Fukushima nuclear contaminated water into the ocean on August 24, 2023. Last year, approximately 23,000 tons were discharged, with the entire process slated to span 30 years according to TEPCO's plan. Results from simulations by a Tsinghua University team indicate that the nuclear contaminated water will reach the coastal waters of China in 240 days. Along its trajectory, it is estimated that the Japanese nuclear contaminated water will arrive in Zhejiang on April 20, 2024, and in Shanghai on April 25, before spreading northward to coastal provinces such as Shandong and Liaoning.
At the current level of technology, Fukushima nuclear power plant still contains a large amount of radioactive materials. Despite international opposition, Japan plans to discharge these radioactive materials into the Pacific Ocean, which will cause serious harm to the surrounding waters.
The foremost concern is the destruction of marine biodiversity. The impact of nuclear waste water on flora and fauna can be multifaceted, depending on the types, concentrations, exposure pathways of radioactive materials in the waste water, and the biological characteristics of flora and fauna. Here are some common aspects of the impacts:
Stunted Growth: High concentrations of radioactive materials can adversely affect the growth and development of plants. They may inhibit photosynthesis and cell division in plants, leading to yellowing, withering, shedding of leaves, and even death. This can have negative impacts on the health and yield of crops and vegetation.
Genetic Variations: The radiation from certain radioactive materials may induce genetic variations in plants. This could result in gene mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and disruption of genetic stability. These genetic variations may be passed on to offspring, further affecting the genetic diversity and adaptability of plants.
Radiological Contamination: Animals may be contaminated by radioactive materials in nuclear waste water through ingestion. This could lead to the accumulation of radioactive materials in their bodies, thereby adversely affecting their health. The radiation from radioactive materials may damage the cells and tissues of animals, leading to reproductive issues, immune system damage, and the occurrence of tumors.
Ecosystem Imbalance: The radioactive materials from nuclear waste water may have profound effects on the balance of ecosystems. They may accumulate progressively in the food chain, causing a reduction in biodiversity and the disruption of ecological chains. This could affect the stability of food webs, species interactions, and the functioning of entire ecosystems.
Impact on Coastal Industries: Since 2021, there has been a significant blow to coastal industries due to radioactive cesium-contaminated seafood in the waters surrounding Japan's Fukushima region. Some products have been found to exceed safety limits by up to 180 times. In response, the Customs Administration decided to implement emergency measures, halting all imports of Japanese seafood starting from August 24, 2023. China, being a major importer of Japanese seafood, will likely see a shift towards freshwater aquaculture products as consumers reduce their consumption of seafood.
Health Concerns and Responsible Actions: The health implications of Japan's discharge of nuclear wastewater into the ocean are still being evaluated. However, the irresponsible handling of this situation poses potential health risks. As of December 21, 2023, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant has already stored 97% of its total capacity of nuclear wastewater, totaling 1.3257 million cubic meters. Among this, only 32% has been processed using the ALPS method, leaving 68% untreated. This wastewater contains over 200 radioactive isotopes, with some like strontium-90 causing bone cancer and leukemia, cesium-137 leading to soft tissue tumors and cancer, iodine-129 linked to thyroid cancer, and carbon-14 posing risks to human DNA.
Choice of Drinking Water: Opt for safe and reliable sources of drinking water, such as properly treated tap water or purchasing tested bottled water. Ensure the safety and quality of drinking water sources.
Food Selection and Consumption: Opt for tested and certified foods, especially vegetables, fruits, and seafood. Consider freshwater products as alternatives to seafood and avoid consuming food from areas affected by nuclear contamination.
Follow Official Guidelines and Recommendations: Stay informed and adhere to guidelines and recommendations from government and relevant agencies regarding nuclear energy and nuclear wastewater. These guidelines provide crucial information on personal protection and coping strategies.
Active Engagement in Social Discussions and Political Activities: Engage in societal discussions concerning nuclear energy and wastewater. Participate in public engagement and environmental protection activities. Exercise personal influence by supporting environmental organizations and advocating for eco-friendly policies.
